HVAC focuses on controlling indoor climate for comfort, while refrigeration deals with cooling systems to preserve perishable items. Both involve complex technologies and play crucial roles in various industries, ensuring optimal environments for different purposes.

Apart from it, the main difference between refrigeration and air conditioning is that AC helps in maintaining humidity and purity. As compared with AC, refrigeration units cycle HFC into a low-pressure chamber that is specifically designed to boil the gas. To convert a liquid into a gas, AC comprises an evaporator.

Solution: Cooling is the process of bringing down the temperature of some object. On the other hand, the refrigeration process brings the temperature of the object down to a lower temperature than its surroundings. Hence it maintains this temperature throughout.

Low-pressure liquid refrigerant in an evaporator extracts heat from the fluid being cooled and evaporates. The low-pressure vapor is then compressed to a pressure at which the refrigerant vapor can be condensed by the cooling media available. The vapor then flows to the condenser, where it is cooled and condensed.